Title: Determination of the Transformation Ratio and Measurement of No-Load and Full-Load Currents of a Single-Phase Transformer
Objective
To determine the transformation ratio of a single-phase transformer and to measure the no-load and full-load currents under specified conditions.
Materials/Equipment
Single-phase transformer
AC power supply
Ammeter (for current measurement)
Voltmeter (for voltage measurement)
Load resistor or variable load
Multimeter
Connecting wires
Safety equipment (gloves, goggles)
Procedure
Part 1: Determining the Transformation Ratio
Measure Primary Voltage: Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage across the primary winding (V1).
Measure Secondary Voltage: Measure the voltage across the secondary winding (V2) using the voltmeter.
Calculate Transformation Ratio: The transformation ratio (TR) can be calculated using the formula: [ TR = \frac{V1}{V2} ]
Part 2: Measuring No-Load Current
Disconnect Load: Ensure that no load is connected to the secondary side of the transformer.
Measure No-Load Current: Use an ammeter to measure the current flowing through the primary winding (I0) when the transformer is energized without any load.
Record the No-Load Current: Note the value of the no-load current.
Part 3: Measuring Full-Load Current
Connect Load: Connect a known resistive load to the secondary side of the transformer.
Measure Full-Load Current: Use the ammeter to measure the current flowing through the primary winding (I1) when the transformer is under full load.
Record the Full-Load Current: Note the value of the full-load current.
Data/Results
Primary Voltage (V1): [Insert measured value]
Secondary Voltage (V2): [Insert measured value]
Transformation Ratio (TR): [Insert calculated value]
No-Load Current (I0): [Insert measured value]
Full-Load Current (I1): [Insert measured value]
Example Data Table
Measurement
Value
Primary Voltage (V1)
[V1 value]
Secondary Voltage (V2)
[V2 value]
Transformation Ratio (TR)
[TR value]
No-Load Current (I0)
[I0 value]
Full-Load Current (I1)
[I1 value]
Analysis/Discussion
Transformation Ratio: Discuss the significance of the transformation ratio in relation to the voltage levels in the primary and secondary windings. Explain how it affects the operation of the transformer.
No-Load Current: Analyze the no-load current measurement. Discuss its importance and what it indicates about the transformer’s core losses and magnetizing current.
Full-Load Current: Discuss the full-load current measurement and how it relates to the load connected to the transformer. Explain the implications of the current readings on the transformer’s performance and efficiency.
Conclusion
Summarize the key findings from the experiment, including the calculated transformation ratio and the measured no-load and full-load currents. Reflect on the importance of these measurements in understanding transformer operation and efficiency. Discuss any challenges faced during the experiment and how they were addressed.
Ammeter (for current measurement)
Voltmeter (for voltage measurement)
Load resistor or variable load
Multimeter
Connecting wires
Safety equipment (gloves, goggles)
Procedure
Part 1: Determining the Transformation Ratio
Connect the Transformer: Connect the primary side of the transformer to the AC power supply.
Measure Primary Voltage: Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage across the primary winding (V1).
Measure Secondary Voltage: Measure the voltage across the secondary winding (V2) using the voltmeter.
Calculate Transformation Ratio: The transformation ratio (TR) can be calculated using the formula: [ TR = \frac{V1}{V2} ]
Part 2: Measuring No-Load Current
Disconnect Load: Ensure that no load is connected to the secondary side of the transformer.
Measure No-Load Current: Use an ammeter to measure the current flowing through the primary winding (I0) when the transformer is energized without any load.
Record the No-Load Current: Note the value of the no-load current.
Part 3: Measuring Full-Load Current
Connect Load: Connect a known resistive load to the secondary side of the transformer.
Measure Full-Load Current: Use the ammeter to measure the current flowing through the primary winding (I1) when the transformer is under full load.
Record the Full-Load Current: Note the value of the full-load current.
Data/Results
Primary Voltage (V1): [Insert measured value]
Secondary Voltage (V2): [Insert measured value]
Transformation Ratio (TR): [Insert calculated value]
No-Load Current (I0): [Insert measured value]
Full-Load Current (I1): [Insert measured value]
Example Data Table
Measurement
Value
Primary Voltage (V1)
[V1 value]
Secondary Voltage (V2)
[V2 value]
Transformation Ratio (TR)
[TR value]
No-Load Current (I0)
[I0 value]
Full-Load Current (I1)
[I1 value]
Analysis/Discussion
Transformation Ratio: Discuss the significance of the transformation ratio in relation to the voltage levels in the primary and secondary windings. Explain how it affects the operation of the transformer.
No-Load Current: Analyze the no-load current measurement. Discuss its importance and what it indicates about the transformer’s core losses and magnetizing current.
Full-Load Current: Discuss the full-load current measurement and how it relates to the load connected to the transformer. Explain the implications of the current readings on the transformer’s performance and efficiency.
Conclusion
Summarize the key findings from the experiment, including the calculated transformation ratio and the measured no-load and full-load currents. Reflect on the importance of these measurements in understanding transformer operation and efficiency. Discuss any challenges faced during the experiment and how they were addressed.
