Lab Report: Study of Distribution Simulator Using Power Transmission Trainer

1. Title:

Study of Distribution Simulator Using Power Transmission Trainer

2. Objective:

To understand the working principles of power distribution systems by simulating real-world conditions using a power transmission trainer and analyzing power flow, voltage levels, and losses in the system.

3. Apparatus/Materials Required:

  • Power Transmission Trainer (including distribution simulation unit)
  • AC Power Supply
  • Load Bank (Resistive, Inductive)
  • Voltmeter and Ammeter
  • Wattmeter
  • Connecting Cables

4. Theory:

The power distribution system involves delivering electricity from transmission networks to consumers via feeders and transformers.
Key concepts demonstrated:

  • Voltage Regulation: Maintaining stable voltage levels at consumer ends.
  • Power Losses: Occur due to resistance and reactance in conductors.
  • Load Flow: Distribution of power based on demand.
  • Simulation Benefits: Training in fault handling and operational procedures without risk to the actual grid.

5. Circuit Diagram:

Include a diagram showing the distribution network setup with transmission lines, loads, measuring instruments, and power sources.

6. Procedure:

  1. Setup:

    • Connect the power transmission trainer according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
    • Connect the voltmeter, ammeter, and wattmeter at appropriate points.
    • Configure the load bank with resistive and inductive loads.

  2. Load Testing:

    • Apply different load configurations (light, medium, and full load).
    • Measure voltage, current, and power at different points of the distribution system.
    • Record power losses during each load condition.

  3. Fault Simulation:

    • Introduce faults (short circuit, line-to-line fault) using the simulator’s fault configuration panel.
    • Observe system behavior and protection responses.

  4. Analysis:

    • Evaluate voltage regulation, power losses, and fault-handling capabilities.

7. Observations:

Load Condition Voltage (V) Current (I) Power (W) Power Losses (W)
Light Load
Medium Load
Full Load

8. Results:

  • Voltage regulation observed across different load conditions.
  • Power losses were proportional to the load levels.
  • Fault simulations demonstrated the need for effective fault protection mechanisms.

9. Conclusion:

This experiment successfully demonstrated the operation of a power distribution system using a transmission trainer. The analysis of load flow, voltage regulation, and fault handling highlights the importance of efficient distribution practices and protection systems.